Safety architecture and circuit.

    The protective functions described in the manufacturer's documentation, and the path the blood follows through the membrane circuit.

    GEMMA / Active safety

    Safety engineered into the workflow.

    Monitoring, protective interruption and guided response, as described in the GEMMA brochure.

    1. 01

      DETECT

      Monitor conditions.

      DR: aspiration-line vacuum / air. DV: return-line air. A level sensor monitors the air trap.

    2. 02

      BLOCK

      Interrupt reinfusion.

      A protective solenoid blocks reinfusion. The protective-cover interlock is checked before operation.

    3. 03

      STOP

      Stop the pumps.

      Automatic pump stop under defined critical vacuum, pressure or phase-duration conditions; visual and acoustic alarms.

    4. 04

      RESOLVE

      Guide the response.

      The display provides corrective instructions. Restart is automatic or operator-confirmed depending on the event.

    Extracorporeal circuit with the five safety pointsGEMMAPatientBlood pumpMembrane filterPriming ≤ 20 / 25 mLPlasmaAir trapAspiration lineReturn line123451Air detection2Pressure on screen3Automatic stop4Audible and visual alarm5Operator response
    Extracorporeal circuit with the five safety points Functional overview after the GEMMA brochure (pp. 4, 6–7) and the MEMBRANA catalogue (p. 10). Not a tubing guide; filter priming only, total circuit volume not stated.

    Functional overview, not a literal sequence for every alarm. Use the current instructions for use and institutional procedures for limits, correction and restart.

    Manufacturer documentation · GEMMA · pages 4, 6–7

    GEMMA / Membrane architecture

    One separation. Two paths.

    A conceptual view of membrane plasma separation, drawn from the original filter documentation.

    Manufacturer documentation · MEMBRANA · pages 3–4, 8–10

    Apheresis Technology / GEMMA

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